Sanpete's prehistoric inhabitants include the Fremont agriculturalists. Ute chief Wakara captured the San Pitch Indians who gathered and hunted in the local marshes. Wakara invited Mormon settlement, perhaps for the resources it would bring, and then opposed it in a war of 1853-54 which caused a period of "forting up" and abandonment of towns. The Black Hawk War of 1863-68 brought a more serious and prolonged period of guerrilla raids. The first Mormon settlers arrived in fall 1849. They chose the Manti site because of a nearby warm spring, the extensive limestone quarries, and the fine farming and grazing lands nearby.
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